Reconnecting with the Karagöz puppets after 7 years

A troupe of Karagöz puppets originating during Ottoman times courtesy of https://www.karagoz.net/english/

When I last left you, in 2016, the Karagöz puppets were all abuzz about last names. Specifically, they were chattering about how women cannot easily choose their last names in Türkiye and how this is different in the United States. Of special note was that M’lady‘s husband really DIDN’T want her to change to his last name, given his feminist leanings. You can read all about that kerfluffer-kerflutter over here.

Fast forward to summer 2023. M’lady and her husband are happily nesting in Provincetown, Massachusetts, United States with their beloved dog Pepper (today is his 6th birthday). With her Turkish citizenship application underway for real this time, M’lady faces a conundrum. Her name in English is, shall we say “Jane Doe,” in which “Doe” is her maiden last name. However, on her Aile Cüzdanı (or official family card held by the household head, aka M’lady’s husband) she is listed as “Jane TurkishLastName” as maintaining one’s maiden last name is not done unless through a complicated court process. That means that in the Turkish government’s data system, Jane Doe does not exist.

Our 6 year old rescue pup, Pepper

So what will become of all of the documents reporting on “Jane Doe” that are submitted with M’lady’s citizenship application?The “certificate of good conduct” is one, testimonial letters from two Turks are also included as are family support letters. There’s a chance that the whole application will be rejected and she will have to change her name – but we are taking the chance. Karagöz himself, that trickster extraordenaire, is cackling vehemently at the idea that the red tape machine would cause us to go through this process twice!

Kenne, the Queen of manners puppet piped in just now – let us know that there is a whole industry around helping women change their last names to their partner’s last name – and seems pretty much targeted to straight people too – take this website: http://www.missnowmrs.com. (Insert eye roll).

So, as the Karagöz puppets stir and wake themselves after a 7 year sleep from regular blog chat, they are finding that the cross-cultural marital road trip they loved so much is still going strong at almost 20 years together. Stay tuned for what happens with the citizenship application!!!

A debate about surnames ensues among the female Karagöz puppets

M’Lady donned a scarf when visiting the mosque today, another traditional gesture that irked her progressive husband yet again

Recently, the Karagöz puppets have been reading the Hurriyet Daily News, which some of you may know to be one of the English language newspapers in Turkey. Why, you may ask, are they reading in English when they can full well speak both Turkish and Ottoman Turkish? Well, it all started with Esma, the hippie puppet, who decided she wanted to gain perspective on M’Lady by reading the news from a yabancı (foreigner) perspective.

As it turns out, she decided to randomly open a page and read whatever was there – and wound up reading a column by a female columnist named Melis Alphan, who reported on an interesting court case involving a woman named Dürin Ababay. I’ll let Esma explain…

“Striving to overthrow the patriarchy, one Istanbul woman filed suit to change her surname to her maiden name from her husband’s name -”

“Well just wait one minute, you feminist you,” Kenne the queen of manners retorted in her usual interrupting manner, “I see it very differently. One Istanbul woman sought to gain personal notoriety through a court case about a trivial matter she shouldn’t have bothered with. Don’t we all take our husband’s names, after all? Isn’t there some honor in that?”

Esma sighed, mustering up the chutzpah to tango with Kenne, because that’s what it always is with her. Esma’s female puppet fan club (consisting mostly of former cengi dancers rescued from semi-sexual slavery in the Ottoman court) cheered her on. “Is it an honor to be forced to take on a man’s name upon marriage? What about losing your own identity? Is that honorable?” “Huzzah!” cried the lady fan club, in unison.

Scoffing in disgust, Kenne responded “all that matters is the honor one receives when one starts a new life – the real life – as a married woman.” At this point, Kenne decided that the matter was resolved, and stormed off with all of her traditional headscarf-wearing lady followers (her fan club) in tow.

Esma took this as a chance to continue the story. “So after a lot of twists and turns of the legal nature, this woman was able to regain her maiden name (although the judge wasn’t fully comfortable with the idea), but get this, only with her husband’s permission! Eee gads what a backwards country.”

And after a moment of silence and reflection, Esma slapped her forehead as she remembered that M’Lady herself took somewhat of a traditional route with her own name – much to the chagrin of her own progressive husband who wanted her to keep her maiden name. “How did this come to be, M’Lady, when you are such an ardent feminist,” she asked, puzzled. 

And as the conversation spun along, she learned that in fact, M’Lady and her husband had quite an epic argument on this matter, which only resolved when the husband said he respected whatever she wanted to do – which was to keep her maiden name professionally and use her hyphenated married name in (especially Turkish) social situations.

“So,” M’Lady said to Esma, “how did reading the yabancı news work vis-a-vis gaining better insight into yours truly?”

“Honestly,” she responded, “I’m more confused than ever, but I suppose that the important thing is for women to have the right to choose how to handle their name, whatever way that is.”

And it is the hope that this legal case, along with two other similar cases in Turkey, will function as sparks in the process of allowing for name choice in Turkey.

Esma muses on what it’s like to be both visible and invisible in Turkey

When in Turkey, I lose my cumbersome Scots Gaelic name in favor of something that is more verbally palatable to the locals. I become “Esma.” As regular readers of this blog may recall, Esma is also the hippie puppet that is a member of the Karagöz puppet troupe that inhabits my head in support of my cross-cultural relationship. You can read all about it on the “about” page, above. It’s 13 years in now, and I still need those puppets!
Whether I am using “Esma” or my real name, perhaps the most difficult aspect of being female in Turkey for me as a yabancı (foreigner) is knowing how to recognize and handle gendered situations in which I feel invisible and/or visible. Well, what exactly do I mean by that? Let’s let Esma the hippie puppet explain.
M’Lady feels very visible when in Turkey. Not only is she tall and pale, but no matter what tweaks she makes to her wardrobe, she doesn’t seem to fit in either in Istanbul (European side of the continent) or in rural Anatolia, (rural Turkey on the Asian continent) places where she and her husband spend good chunks of time. As soon as she is identified as an American, she represents what America is and is like to many she meets – and she doesn’t much like that visibility – she’d rather be invisible. Some comments she has received over the years include “she’s not like most Americans” and “she’s a bit heavy, like the Americans are because they eat two hamburgers a day.” Karagöz, the trickster puppet snuffs out a chortle on that one.
So, she is an obvious yabancı, but she is also obviously trying very hard (maybe too hard?) to be respectful of a culture she doesn’t always agree with. In fact, it’s taken her years to write this blog post because she hasn’t wanted to write in a way that highlights the stereotype of a macho, patriarchal country and culture. What she’s begun to realize, though, is that while her own experience of life with a Turkish husband is not macho or patriarchal, this is the exception. It’s hard to face the truth.
So, respecting a culture you don’t always agree with…How does this play out, you may ask. Well, let’s take the issue of walking down the street in Anatolia. For years, M’Lady was thrilled to be able to greet all those she saw on the street with the proper greeting for that time of day “iyi günler,” “iyi akşamlar,” or “iyi geceler.” She always felt a bit crestfallen when people – especially men – gave her the side eye and did not respond. It took many years for her to accept what her husband explained, that they were not responding out of respect for him. As in, “I won’t engage with your woman.” In essence, that’s your property. 
Now after really “getting” this, she takes to walking head down when she sees a traditional-looking man (yes, it’s an assumption) nearby, she’d rather avoid the whole situation. She wonders whether this is the right way to handle it, but when is one’s Liberty pushing one culture on another? When she walks head down, a sadness washes over her and she wonders what it would feel like to be an actual Turkish woman in Anatolia. Invisible?
She cheers herself up by remembering that there is a spectrum of how this plays out. In central Anatolia, it is explicit invisible-ness whereas in the Western Aegean region there is much more flexibility and some openness. She thinks this is because Islam is more rooted in central Anatoloa whereas secularism (and with it more of a focus on women’s rights) has much more of a grip on the way culture plays out.
Her husband is skilled at navigating the cultural divide in such situations – he eschews the archaic (in his mind) idea that she is his property but just allows the traditional interaction to play out, feeling perhaps that upsetting the apple cart with newfangled approaches to gender in the form of equity are just not going to fly in traditional situations far out in the countryside. And she’s getting better at it too, but still doesn’t like feeling invisible at times.

While a bitter pill to swallow, the type of walking on the street interaction was not as hard as some other types of situations when she was visible, yet invisible at the same time – even in the western Aegean region. Take waiting in line at the airport scanner only to have the men behind her push ahead of her while their wives waited behind her. Or take the experience of standing in the fish market, where an active conversation is going on both between the fishmonger and the husband as well as the husband and the wife (in different languages). Here, the wife is clearly an active part of the transaction, but the fishmonger never looks at her or speaks to her or even acknowledges her presence in any way. It feels odd to her, uncomfortable. She wonders whether Turkish women ever come to the fish market- I mean, they must, right? What happens then? How do they buy fish? Maybe it’s just the fact that I’m a yabancı gelin (foreign bride) that makes this worse? Or is it that my Turkish skills are not up to snuff? Or all of it?

And then there are the visits from her husband’s good friend on the western Aegean island. This year, when he greeted her warmly in Turkish, he both shook her hand and patted the top of her hand with his other hand. Progress! She thought. He even looked her in the eye. But other than that moment of visibility, she became mostly invisible again. Every afternoon, he stops by for tea, which she dutifully prepares in the double-boiling process. She prepares a tray with two glasses of tea, a bowl of sugar lumps and a plate of cookies (his favorite cookie has Nutella in it). She walks it out to the breezy spot where the friend and the husband sit, talking about life. 

She can usually tell what the topic of conversation is, but gets lost in the grammatical details. She places the tea in front of the friend, but he never acknowledges her or says thanks like her husband does (she wonders if her husband is modeling his ideal behavior for her friend?). She thinks this is because the friend expects she will do so, as the trees are expected to sway in the breeze, they just do. She is visible, yet invisible to this man. It’s just an odd place to be, especially as she know he has no ill will towards her.
Perihan hanım, the fairy godmother puppet steps in now, saying, it’s a blessing and a curse to see across two cultures. Just consider it part of your special power to understand differences – and make it work for you are you are able. Always remember to take the anthropologist role when you feel most uncomfortable, as this will help you make it through uncomfortable situations.
But when all is said and done, Perihan hanım continues, it is in your own marriage where you feel visible, and that’s the most important thing. It’s a good thing that your husband’s mother took special care in explicitly encouraging him to “not be macho,” for example. One day, when your husband was young and in love, he sought counsel from his mother, saying “she doesn’t understand that I love her.” The mother replied “well, most men wait for women to understand them – not the other way around. Maybe you need to try to understand her!” And this moment shifted his personal culture forever, which is perhaps one of the reasons he left Turkey, to be in a place where he fits in more.
As I reach this positive note, the Karagöz puppets bid me adieu and I finish my glass of tea, wondering, how does this play out for other women in Turkey – or other places? So what about you, dear reader? There’s no answer here, just the capacity to notice.